Breast Cancer : Risk Factor PART 2

Risk is also increased by a family history of breast cancer, particularly having one or more first-degree relatives with breast cancer (though most women with breast cancer do not have a family history of the disease). Inherited mutations (alterations) in breast cancer susceptibility genes account for approximately 5%-10% of all female breast cancers and an estimated 4%-40% of all male breast cancers, but are very rare in the general population (much less than 1%). Most of these mutations are located in BRCA1and BRCA2genes, although mutations in other known genes have also been identified. Individuals with a strong family history of breast and certain other cancers, such as ovarian and colon cancer, should consider counseling to determine if genetic testing is appropriate. Prevention measures may be possible for individuals with breast cancer susceptibility mutations. In BRCA1and BRCA2mutation carriers, studies suggest that prophylactic removal of the ovaries and/or breasts decreases the risk of breast cancer considerably, though not all women who choose this surgery would have developed breast cancer. Women who consider prophylactic surgery should undergo counseling before reaching a decision. source:American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2013. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2013.